Tiltable air-cooled absorption refrigeration apparatus of the inert gas type

ABSTRACT

Absorption refrigeration apparatus of the inert gas type which, when it is operating to produce useful refrigeration, can be inclined to the vertical. This is accomplished by employing an evaporator having a part providing a horizontally extending passageway and conducting liquid refrigerant to the opposing ends of such evaporator part from a condenser through conduit means. The conduit means is so constructed and arranged that liquid refrigerant will flow therethrough from the condenser to whichever end of the evaporator part that is at the higher level when the apparatus is inclined to the vertical.

United States Patent [191 Blomberg [451 Sept. 25, 1973 1 TILTABLEAIR-COOLED ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION APPARATUS OF THE INERT GAS TYPE [75]Inventor: Peter Erik Blomberg, Stockholm,

[21] Appl. No.: 269,158

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data UNITED STATES PATENTS 2/1943,Blomquist 62/491 X 2,395,392 2/1946 Brace 62/492 X 2,407,733 9/1946Ashby 62/492 X 2,566,171 8/1951 Coons 62/491 X 2,631,443 3/1953Backstrom 62/490 X 3,063,257 1 1/1962 Phillips et a1. 62/490 X PrimaryExaminerWilliam ODea Assistant ExaminerPeter D. Ferguson Attorney-EdmundA. Fenander 5 7] ABSTRACT Absorption refrigeration apparatus of theinert gas type which, when it is operating to produce usefulrefrigeration, can be inclined to the vertical. This is accomplished byemploying an evaporator having a part providing a horizontally extendingpassageway and conducting liquid refrigerant to the opposing ends ofsuch evaporator part from a condenser through conduit means. The conduitmeans is so constructed and arranged that liquid refrigerant will flowtherethrough from the condenser to whichever end of the evaporator partthat is at the higher level when the apparatus is inclined to thevertical.

15 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures PATENTEU SEP25 I973 sum we TILTABLEAIR-COOLED ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION APPARATUS OF THE INERT GAS TYPEBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION level and in which, due to evaporation anddiffusion thereof into an inert gas, a refrigerating effect is produced.The evaporator forms a part of an inert gas circuit which includes anabsorber at a still lower level and in which refrigerant vapor isabsorbed into absorption liquid.

The evaporator is arranged to effect cooling of a thermally insulatedcompartment of a cabinet while other components of the refrigerationapparatus are disposed in a vertically extending apparatus space at therear of the cabinet between the lateral sides thereof. Natural draft isproduced in the apparatus space and causes upward circulation of ambientair due to heat radiated by the absorber and condenser, so thatsurrounding cool air can flow over their surfaces and assure adequatecooling of these parts.

2. Description of the Prior Art In absorption refrigeration apparatus ofthe type under consideration the vertical location and size of thecomponents and their positions relative to one another in the apparatusspace and thermally insulated interior of the refrigerator cabinet isdependent in part by the limited height available which is determined bythe vertical height of the cabinet with which the refrigerationapparatus is associated.

For effectively air cooling the condenser the pipes thereof aredistributed over the entire cross-sectional area of the apparatus spacebetween the lateral sides of the cabinet. For this reason it has beenthe practice to employ lengths of piping for the condenser which arerelatively long and extend across the rear of the refrigerator cabinetfrom one side to the opposite side thereof. This practice has been moreor less dictated because the height of the cabinet determines the heightof the apparatus space which prohibits the condenser piping from beinginclined downward to any great extent to promote downward gravity flowof liquid.

It also has been the practice to provide evaporators formed ofrelatively long lengths of piping having several sections or componentswhich are at a small inclination to promote gravity flow of liquidrefrigerant in the presence of inert gas. Such relatively long lengthsof evaporator piping are necessary to provide adequate gas and liquidcontact surface to insure optimum cooling for refrigeration apparatus ofa given capacity. And the small inclination of such evaporator pipingalso is dictated by the height of the cabinet and prohibits such pipingfrom being inclined downward to any great extent.

With absorption refrigeration apparatus having components of the kindjust described, the cabinet associated with such apparatus must besupported in a horizontal position to make certain that the apparatuswill operate correctly and produce useful refrigeration. This is sobecause of the tendency of the refrigeration apparatus to malfunctionwhen it is tilted from the vertical to the slightest degree. Suchmalfunctioning of the apparatus often occurs when the normal circulationof fluids in the apparatus stops which can be caused, for example, bythe building up of liquid bodies that block the flow of inert gas.

Heretofore, it has been a recognized rule that only a maximuminclination of the cabinet of not more than l.7 can be tolerated. Withinthis range refrigeration apparatus of the'inert gas type has functionedin a satisfactory manner in permanent structures such as dwellings andbuildings, for example. In recent years the need has grown to provideabsorption refrigeration apparatus for boats, campers and traveltrailers which can be operated by liquid or gaseous fuel when a sourceof electrical supply is not available. But since the maximum inclinationof refrigeration apparatus that can be tolerated has not changed, thismeans that refrigeration apparatus provided on boats and travel trailersand the like, which often are not substantially upright or erect, willmalfunction and cease to produce useful refrigeration which isobjectionable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of my invention to provide animproved evaporator or cooling unit for absorption refrigerationapparatus which, when the apparatus is operating to produce usefulrefrigeration, can be tilted rearward and forward from an uprightposition and also from side to side at angles larger than heretoforepossible.

Anotherobject is to provide such an improved evaporator or cooling unitfor tiltable absorption refrigeration apparatus which is capable ofproducing useful refrigeration when installed in boats subject torolling and in mobile camper and trailer vehicles which assume differentangular positions when they are parked and when being moved from placeto place.

I accomplish this by employing an evaporator having a part providing ahorizontally extending passageway and conducting liquid refrigerant tothe opposing ends of such evaporator part from a source of liquidrefrigerant by conduit means. The conduit means is so constructed andarranged that liquid refrigerant will flow therethrough from the sourceto whichever end of the evaporator part that is at the higher level whenthe apparatus is inclined to the vertical.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a side view, in section, of arefrigerator and air-cooled absorption refrigeration apparatus of theinert gas type associated therewith which embodies my invention; I

FIG. 2 is a rear elevational view, partly broken away and in section, ofthe refrigerator shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view of the evaporator structure ofthe refrigeration apparatus shown in FIG. 1 illustrating the positionsthe parts assume when the refrigerator is in a normal upright position;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view similar to FIG. 3 illustratingthe positions the parts assume when the refrigerator is tilted andinclined to the vertical; and

FIGS. 5 and 6 are fragmentary views of parts similar to those shown inFIGS. 2, 3 and 4 illustrating modifica- -tions of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, Ihave shown my invention in connection with a refrigerator comprising acabinet having an inner liner 11 arranged to be supported within anouter shell 12 and insulated therefrom at 14 in any suitable manner. Theinner liner 11 defines a thermally insulated compartment 15 to whichaccess is afforded at a front opening adapted to be closed by aninsulated door 16 hinged in any suitable manner (not shown) at the frontof the refrigerator cabinet 10.

The cabinet 10 also includes an inner liner 17 which is enveloped inpart by the insulation 14 and defines a top freezer compartment 18 intowhich access is afforded by a hinged door 19 within the upper part ofthe storage compartment 15. The compartment 15 defines a food space forstoring foods at a higher temperature than in the freezer compartment 18and preferably at a temperature above 32. The freezer compartment 18 isarranged to be cooled by an evaporator section 20a which is heatconductively associated with the inner liner 17 and the food storagecompartment 15 is arranged to be cooled by an evaporator section 20b.

The evaporator sections 20a and 20b form the evaporator structure orcooling unit of absorption refrigeration apparatus of the inert gas typewhich comprises a generator 21 containing a refrigerant, such asammonia, in solution in a body of absorption liquid, such as water. Asshown in FIG. 2, heat is supplied to the generator 21 from a heatingtube 22 which may be heated by an electrical heating element 23, forexample, which is disposed within the tube and connected by conductors24 to a source of electrical supply. The heat supplied to the generator21 and absorption solution therein expels refrigerant vapor out ofsolution, and, in a manner to be described hereinafter, refrigerantvapor passes upward from the generator through a vapor supply line orconduit 25 and rectifier 26 into an air-cooled condenser 27 in which thevapor is liquefied by surrounding cool air which flows in physicalcontact therewith. In a manner that will be described hereinafter, theliquefied refrigerant flows from the condenser 27 into the evaporatorsection 20a in a path of flow which includes a conduit 28.

The evaporator sections 20a and 20b form the upper and intermediatehorizontally extending parts, respectively, of an outer looped coil 30having a first bend 31 therebetween. The outer coil 30 also includes alower horizontally extending part 32 connected at its upper end by asecond bend 33 to the intermediate part 20b and at its lower end at 34to a pipe section 35 which forms a lower extension of the outer coil.The lower part 32 of the outer coil and pipe section 35 connectedthereto at 34 form the outer passageway of a gas heat exchanger.

An inner looped pipe 36 extends lengthwise within the outer looped coil30 and pipe section 35. Hence, the inner pipe 36 forms the innerpassageway of the gas heat exchanger, the outer passageway of which isformed by the lower part 32 of the outer coil 30 and the pipe section35. The inner pipe 36 also is formed with bends at the vicinities of thebends 31 and 33 of the outer looped coil 30.

The liquefied refrigerant evaporates and diffuses into an inert pressureequalizing gas, such as hydrogen, which flows upward through the innerlooped coil 36 and passes from the upper open end 36a thereof into thepresence of the refrigerant. In FIG. 3 it will be seen that the upperopen end 36a of the inner coil 36 is at the closed end 30a of the outerlooped coil 30. Due to evaporation of refrigerant into inert gas in theevaporator sections 200 and 20b, a refrigerating effect is produced withconsequent absorption of heat from the surroundings.

The rich gas mixture of refrigerant and inert gas formed in theevaporator sections 20a and 20b, that is, the annular passageway betweenthe upper and intermediate sections of the outer looped coil 30 and theinner coil 36 extending therethrough, flows downward therefrom throughthe coil bends and the outer passageway of the gas heat exchanger formedby the lower part 32 of the outer coil 30 and the pipe section 35.

As best shown in FIG. 2, the rich gas, together with any unevaporatedrefrigerant, flows from the gas heat exchanger through a conduit 37 intoan absorber comprising a vessel 38 and a looped coil 39. In the absorbervessel 38 and looped coil 39 refrigerant vapor is absorbed into liquidabsorbent, such as water, which enters through a conduit 40. Thehydrogen or inert gas, which is practically insoluble and weak inrefrigerant, is returned to the upper closed end 30a of the evaporatorsection 20a from the upper end of the absorber coil 39 through the innerpipe coil 36, the lower part of which forms the inner passageway of thegas heat exchanger and the upper part of which forms the innerpassageways of the evaporator sections 20a and 20b.

Inert gas passing from the open end 36a of the inner coil 36 flowsthrough upper evaporator section 20a in the presence of liquidrefrigerant which is introduced therein through conduit 28 in a mannerdescribed he reinafter. Unevaporated liquid refrigerant is conductedfrom evaporator section 20a to evaporator section 20b for flowtherethrough. Such liquid refrigerant flows in the presence of and inparallel flow with inert gas in evaporator section 20b.

Since inert gas weak in refrigerant first flows through evaporatorsection 200 and thereafter flows through evaporator section 20b, the gasin the upper evaporator section 20a contains a lesser amount ofrefrigerant vapor than the gas in the lower evaporator section 20b. Thepartial vapor pressure of the refrigerant is a gradient, so that thetemperature in the evaporator sections also is a gradient, theevaporating temperature of liquid refrigerant being lower in the upperevaporator section 20a which constitutes the freezing portion of theevaporator or cooling unit.

The refrigerating effect produced by the upper evaporator section 20a,which is adapted to be operated at temperatures below freezing, itutilized to effect cooling of the upper compartment 18. Therefrigerating effect produced by the lower evaporator section 20b, whichis adapted to be operated at a higher temperature than that ofevaporator section 20a, is utilized to cool air in the storage space 15.

Absorption liquid enriched in refrigerant in the absorber flows from thevessel 38 through the outer passageway 41a of an elongated liquid heatexchanger 41 which, within the generator 21, includes an outer verticalpipe 42 and an inner vertical pipe 43. Rich absorption liquid flows fromthe passageway 41a through a horizontal conduit 44 into a verticalstandpipe 45. The conduit 44 is connected to standpipe 45 at a point 46which is at a level below the liquid surface level 47 of the column ofliquid in the pipe 45. As seen in FIG. 2, the liquid surface level 47 isat approximately the same level as the liquid surface level in theabsorber vessel 38.

The extreme lower end of the pipe 45 is connected to the lower end of apump pipe or vapor-liquid lift tube 48 heat conductively connected tothe heating tube 19, as by welding 49, for example. Liquid is raised byvapor-liquid lift action through the tube or pump pipe 48 into the upperpart of the pipe 43. The absorption liquid from which refrigerant vaporhas been expelled flows downward by gravity through the inner pipe 43,

the latter extending through the liquid heat exchanger 41 and forming aninner passageway 41b thereof. The pipe 43 is connected to the conduit 40from which weak absorption liquid overflows into the upper end ofabsorber coil 39.

The generator 21, together with a part of the liquid heat exchanger 41,are embedded in a body of insulation 50 retained in a metal shell orcasing 51 having an opening 52a in the bottom 52 thereof. The electricalheating element 23, with the conductors 24 connected thereto, isarranged to be positioned within the heating tube 22 through the opening52a in any suitable manner (not shown).

In the operation of the refrigeration apparatus, vapor generated in thevapor-liquid lift pump 48 flows from the upper end thereof to a gasseparation chamber 43a at the extreme upper end of the standpipe 43 andpasses through openings 43b in the side wall thereof into the outerpassage 53 formed between the inner and outer pipes 43 and 42,respectively. The vapor in the passage 53 depresses the liquid leveltherein to a point 54 and flows through enriched absorption liquid inconduit 44 and pipe 45 by bubble action. After the generated vapor isanalyzed in this manner in the conduit 44 and pipe 45, the refrigerantvapor passes from the upper part of the pipe 45, vapor supply line 25and rectifier 26 to the condenser 27, as previously explained.

With the evaporator sections 20a and 20b positioned in the interior ofthe cabinet 10, the other components ofthe refrigeration apparatus arelocated in a vertically extending apparatus space 55 at the rear of thecabinet which is defined by the rear portions 12a of the lateral sidewalls of the outer shell 12 which project beyond the rear insulated wall56. The top of the outer shell 12 extends rearward to the forward partof the apparatus space 48. Natural draft is produced in the space 55 andcauses upward circulation of ambient air due to heat radiated byabsorber vessel 38 and coil 39 and by the condenser 27, so thatsurrounding cool air can flow directly over their surfaces and assureadequate cooling of these parts or components. The top and bottom of thespace 55 are open to enable air to flow freely upward therein.

As best shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gas heat exchanger, which is formedby the horizontal part 32 of the outer coil 30, extends across thecabinetlO between the lateral sides thereof and is disposed within abody of insulation 14a retained in a removable wall section 57 of therear insulated wall 56 to facilitate the insertion of the evaporatorsections 20a and 20b within the interior of the cabinet. The lower partof the gas heat exchanger, which is formed by the pipe section 35,projects rearwardly from the body of insulation 14a into the apparatusspace 55. The removable wall section 57 closes an opening in the rearinsulated wall 56 and is removably secured thereto in any suitablemanner (not shown). As shown in FIG. 1, the inner liner 17 is envelopedin part by the body of insulation 14a retained in the removable wallsection 57.

The condenser 27 comprises a horizontally extending U-shaped pipe 58having spaced arms 59, one of which is shown in FIG. 2, and a connection60 therebetween. Each of the arms 59 includes parts 61 and 62 having abend 63 therebetween. The parts 61 and 62 of the arms 59 are providedwith heat transfer members 63a, only a few of which are shown in FIG. 2.

The condensate conduit 28 is U-shaped and one leg thereof, which extendsupward from its lowest part 28a, includes a first portion 65 and asecond higher portion 66 which is fork-shaped and has a lower closed endand a pair of hollow elements 66a extending upward therefrom, as shownin FIG. 1. Each of the hollow elements 66a is connected to a differentone of the outlets at the bends 63 of the arms 59.

Refrigerant vapor flows from the rectifier 26 to one arm 59 of thecondenser at 67. The other arm 59 of the condenser 27 is connected by aconduit 68 to a part of the gas circuit, as to the pipe section 35, forexample, so that any inert gas which may pass through the condenser 27can flow to the gas circuit. In order to pre-cool liquid refrigerantbefore it flows into the presence of inert gas at the upper closed end30a of the evaporator section 20a, the part 28a of the conduit 28 isheat conductively connected to the pipe section 35, another part 28bthereof is heat conductively connected to the lower part 32 of the coil30, and a further part 28c is heat conductively connected at 69 to theintermediate part 20b of the coil 30.

In accordance with my invention, in order that the refrigerationapparatus can be tilted from an uprignt or erect position at anglessubstantially larger than heretofore possible without impairing itsability to produce useful refrigeration, liquid refrigerant from thecondenser 27 is conducted through the conduit 28 to the opposing ends ofthe low temperature evaporator section 20a and is so constructed andarranged that liquid refrigerant will flow therethrough to whichever endof the evaporator section 200 that is at the higher level whenever theapparatus is tilted.

Referring to FIG. 3 it will be seen that the low temperature evaporatorsection 20a provides an elongated horizontally extending passagewayhaving inlets 70 and -71 for liquid refrigerant at opposing endsthereof. In

FIG. 3, which illustrates the position of the low and higher temperatureevaporator sections 20a and 20b when the refrigeration apparatus is inits normal upright or erect position, the low temperature evaporatorsection 20a slopes downward slightly from its closed end 30a to the bend31 of the outer coil. A dotted horizontal line 72 in FIG. 3 clearlyindicates the slight downward inclination of the low temperatureevaporator section.

As described above, the part 28c of the liquid refrigerant supplyconduit 28 is heat conductively connected at 69 to the high temperatureevaporator section 20b, as by welding. The part of the liquidrefrigerant conduit 28 extending from the condenser 27 may be referredto as a main conduit which, in the path of liquid flow, terminates at afork 73. Two branch conduits 74 and 75, which may be referred to assupply lines, extend from the fork 73 to the liquid inlets 70 and 71,respectively. It will be seen that the liquid inlets 70 and 71 arelocated above the bottom of the low temperature evaporator section 20aso that liquid refrigerant cannot flow therefrom to the supply lines orbranch conduits 74 and 75.

Each of the branch conduits 74 and 75 has a bend and a pair of armsextending therefrom. Thus, the branch conduit 74 has a bend 74a and arms74b and 74c extending therefrom; and the branch conduit 75 has a bend75a and arms 75b and 750 extending therefrom. The arm 74b extends fromthe fork 73 to the bend 74a which may be referred to as a region in thesupply line 74; and the arm 740, which is longer than the arm 74b,extends from the region or bend 74a to the liquid inlet 70. In a similarmanner the arm 75b extends from the fork 73 to the bend 75a which alsomay be referred to as a region in the supply line 75; and the arm 750,which is longer than the arm 75b, extends from the region or bend 75a tothe liquid inlet 71.

While it may not be too apparent from the perspective view of FIG. 3,the arm 74b of the branch conduit 74 extends forward toward the viewerand the arm 74c extends rearward from the viewer so that the bend orregion 740 and liquid inlet 70 are at opposite sides of a vertical planewhich passes through the fork 73 and is parallel to the part 280 of theliquid refigerant conduit 28. In the same manner, the arm 75b of thebranch conduit 75 extends forward toward the viewer and the arm 75cextends rearward from the viewer so that the bend or region 75a andliquid inlet 71 are at opposite sides of a vertical plane which passesthrough the fork 73 and is parallel to the part 28a of the liquidrefrigerant conduit 28.

In FIG. 3, in which the low temperature evaporator section 20a issubstantially horizontal and in the position it assumes when therefrigeration apparatus is in its normal upright or erect position, theliquid inlet 70 is at a higher level than the liquid inlet 71 and liquidrefrigerant will flow through the branch conduit or supply line 74 fromthe fork 73 to the liquid inlet 70. FIG. 4 illustrates the position thelow temperature evaporator section 20a assumes when the refrigerationapparatus is tilted or inclined in such a direction that the lowtemperature evaporator section slopes downward with respect to thedotted horizontal line 72 from the bend 31 of the coil 30 to the closedend 30a thereof. In FIG. 4 the liquid inlet 71 is at a higher level thanthe liquid inlet 70 and liquid refrigerant will flow through the branchconduit or supply line 75 from the fork 73 to the liquid inlet 71.

The reason that liquid refrigerant will flow through the branch conduitor supply line 74 in FIG. 3 to the higher located liquid inlet 70 isthat, in this position of the low temperature evaporator section 20a,the bend or region 74a of the branch conduit 74 will be positioned lowerthan the bend or region 750 in the branch conduit 75. Hence, the highestpoint 74a in the branch conduit 74 is at a lower level than the highestpoint 75a in the branch conduit 75 and liquid refrigerant will flow tothe higher located liquid inlet 70.

The reason that liquid refrigerant will flow through the branch conduitor supply line 75 in FIG. 4 to the higher located liquid inlet 71 isthat, in the position of the low temperature evaporator section 20a, thebend or region 75a of the branch conduit 75 will be positioned lowerthan the bend or region 74a in the branch conduit 74. Hence, the highestpoint 75a in the branch conduit 75 is at a lower level than the highestpoint 74a in the branch conduit 74 and liquid refrigerant will flow tothe higher located liquid inlet 71.

It now will be understood that the bend or region 74a of the branchconduit or supply line 74 moves upward from the position shown in FIG. 3to the position shown in FIG. 4 when the refrigeration apparatus isinclined from its normal position in such a direction that the liquidinlet associated therewith moves downward. Further, the bend or region74a moves downward from the position shown in FIG. 4 to the positionshown in FIG. 3 when the refrigeration apparatus is inclined in such adirection toward its normal position that the liquid inlet 70 associatedtherewith moves upward.

In the same manner the bend or region 75a of the branch conduit orsupply line 75 moves upward from the position shown in FIG. 4 to theposition shown in FIG. 3 when the refrigeration apparatus is inclined insuch a direction toward its normal position that the liquid inlet 71associated therewith moves downward. Further, the bend or region 75amoves downward from the position shown in FIG. 3 to the position shownin FIG. 4 when the refrigeration apparatus is inclined in such adirection from its normal position that the liquid inlet 71 associatedtherewith moves upward.

It should be understood that the extent of upward movement of the bendor region in one of the branch conduits or supply lines 74,75 issubstantially the same as the extent of downward movement of the bend orregion in the other of the supply lines 75,74. Further, when liquidrefrigerant is flowing through one of the supply lines 74,75 the flow ofliquid refrigerant through the other of the supply lines 75,74 ceasesand it becomes inactive.

When the liquid inlet 70 is higher than the liquid inlet 71, as shown inFIG. 3, liquid refrigerant will flow through the low temperatureevaporator section 20a from the closed end 30a of the outer coil 30toward the bend 31 thereof in the presence of inert gas. Unevaporatedrefrigerant passes from the low temperature evaporator section 20athrough the bend 31 into the higher temperature evaporator section 20band evaporates and difiuses into inert gas therein.

When the liquid inlet 71 is higher than the liquid inlet 70, as shown inFIG. 4, liquid refrigerant will flow through the low temperatureevaporator section 20a from the liquid inlet 71 toward the closed end30a of the coil 30 and evaporates and diffuses into inert gas therein.In FIG. 4 unevaporated refrigerant passes from the low temperatureevaporator section 20a at 76 through a connection 77 and is introducedinto the higher temperature evaporator section 20b at 78 for flowtherethrough in the presence of inert gas. The connection 77 is formedwith a trap 77a in which liquid can collect to form a liquid seal. Itwill be seen that liquid refrigerant from the connection 77 isintroduced into the higher temperature evaporator section 20b at 78which is below the liquid inlet 71 associated with the branch conduit orsupply line 75.

When liquid refrigerant is introduced into the low temperatureevaporator section 20a at the liquid inlet 70, as shown in FIG. 3, suchliquid should not immediately flow from the low temperature evaporatorsection through the connection 77. To prevent this a dam 79 is providedat the bottom of the low temperature evaporator section 200 between theliquid inlet 70 and the region 76 at which the connection 77 isconnected to the low temperature evaporator section. A dam 80 also canbe provided at the opposite end of the low temperature evaporatorsection 20a between the liquid inlet 71 and the bend 31 of the outercoil 30 for the purpose of collecting some liquid refrigerant in the lowtemperature evaporator section 20a. This is especially desirable whenthe low temperature evaporator section 20a is almost horizontal. Theliquid refrigerant retained in the low temperature evaporator section200 between the dams 79 and 80 can be used to produce usefulrefrigeration during the interval of time that passes when the lowtemperature evaporator section 20a shifts from one sloping position toan opposite sloping position.

In FIG. I have shown another embodiment of my invention in which partshaving the same function as parts shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are referred toby the same reference numerals with 100 added thereto. Further, it willbe understood that parts of the refrigeration apparatus in theembodiment of FIG. 5 which are not shown are like those shown in FIGS. 1and 2 and described above.

In FIG. 5 refrigerant vapor expelled from solution in the generatorflows therefrom in a path of flow which includes a vapor supply line125. A condenser 127, which includes straight sections 81 and 82 and aconnecting bend 83 and is provided with heat transfer members 83a,receives refrigerant vapor from the supply line 125 at the condenserinlet 167. A vent conduit 168 connects the outlet end 127a of thecondenser 127 to a part of the gas circuit, such as to the conduit 137,for example, to vent inert gas from the condenser to the gas circuit.

The evaporator includes a low temperature evaporator section 120a and ahigher temperature evaporator section 120b. These evaporator sectionsand a gas heat exchanger 132 comprise an outer looped coil 131 withinwhich extends an inner looped coil (not shown) which is similar to andlike the inner looped coil 36 in the first described embodiment shown inFIGS. 1 to 4. The low temperature evaporator section 120a is formed withliquid inlets 170 and 171.

Liquid refrigerant formed in the condenser 127 flows through a U- shapedconduit 128 having a down leg 128d and an up leg which includes parts128b, 1280 and 128e. The part 128b is heat conductively connected to thebottom straight portion 132 of the outer looped coil 130 forming theouter gas heat exchanger passageway. The part 128a is heat conductivelyconnected to the higher temperature evaporator section 120b. The part128e is heat conductively connected to the low temperature evaporatorsection 120a. The upper end of the up leg of conduit 128 is connected tothe liquid inlet 170 of the low temperature evaporator section 120a.

Liquid refrigerant formed in the condenser 127 also can flow therefromthrough a U-shaped conduit 84 having a down leg 84d and an up legincluding parts 84b and 84c. The 84b is heat conductively connected tothe bottom straight portion of the looped coil 130. The part 840 is heatconductively connected to the higher temperature evaporator section lb.The upper end of the up leg of conduit 84 is connected to the liquidinlet 171 of the low temperature evaporator section 120a. A

A conduit 125a, which extends downward from the condenser inlet 167 andforms an extension of the vapor supply line 125, is connected at itslower end at 85 to the down leg 128d of the U-shaped conduit 128.

When the refrigeration apparatus of FIG. 5 is inclined from its normalupright position and the bend 83 of the condenser 127 moves downward,liquid refrigerant formed in both straight sections 81 and 82 of thecondenser will flow through the U-shaped conduit 84 and be dischargedtherefrom into the liquid inlet 171 which will be at a higher level thanthe liquid inlet 170. In such case liquid refrigerant will flow downwardtoward the closed end 130a of the low temperature evaporator section120a in the presence of inert gas. Unevaporated liquid refrigerant willflow from the low temperature evaporator section 120a through theconnection 177 into the higher temperature evaporator section 12% andflow therethrough in the presence of inert gas.

When the refrigeration apparatus of FIG. 5 is in its normal uprightposition and the condenser 127 and low comnection 177 having a liquidtrap 177a is connected at its upper end at 176 to the low temperatureevaporator section a and at its lower end at 178 to the highertemperature evaporator section 12Gb.

temperature evaporator section 1200 are substantially horizontal andinclined downward slightly in the manner illustrated in FIG. 3, liquidrefrigerant formed in the bottom straight section 82 of the condenser127 will flow toward the outlet end 127a of the condenser and thenceenter the down leg 128d of the U-shaped conduit 128. Liquid refrigerantformed in the upper straight section 81 of the condenser will flowtoward the refrigerant vapor inlet 167 thereof and continue flowingdownward through conduit a into the down leg of the U-shaped conduit128. The liquid refrigerant passing into the down leg of the conduit 128in the manner just described is discharged from the up leg thereof intothe liquid inlet 170 which will be at a higher level than the liquidinlet 171. When liquid refrigerant is supplied to the liquid inlet 170which is at the higher level liquid refrigerant-will flow through thelow and higher temperature evaporator sections 120a and 12% in the samemanner as in the first described embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 4 and FIG. 5 the low temperatureevaporator sections are almost horizontal while the higher temperatureevaporator sections are inclined to the horizontal at an angle which isgreater than the largest angle of inclination of the refrigerationapparatus that can be tolerated without adversely affecting the normaloperation of the refrigeration apparatus. In accordance with myinvention it is also possible to employ an evaporator or cooling unit inwhich both the low and higher temperature evaporator sections are abouthorizontal and such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 6 with parts similarto parts shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 referred to by the same referencenumerals with 200 added thereto and with parts similar to parts shown inFIG. 5 referred to by the same reference numerals with 100 addedthereto.

In FIG. 6 liquid refrigerant is conducted to a low temperatureevaporator section 220a through a U-shaped conduit 228 having its downleg 228d connected to receive liquid refrigerant formed in a condenser(not shown) which may be like the condenser 27 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 orlike the condenser 127 shown in FIG. 5.

In FIG. ,6 the low and higher temperature evaporator sections 220a and220b, each of which is substantially straight and provides an elongatedpassageway, are almost horizontal. Inert gas weak in refrigerant flowsfrom an absorber (not shown) through a conduit 236 to one end of the lowtemperature evaporator section 220a into the presence of liquidrefrigerant introduced therein. Inert gas partially enriched inrefrigerant flows from the opposite end of the low temperatureevaporator section 2200 through a conduit 231 to the higher temperatureevaporator section 220b into the presence of liquid refrigerant. Inertgas enriched in refrigerant flows from the higher temperature evaporatorsection 220b through a conduit 237 to the absorber (not shown). Theconduits 236 and 237 are shown in heat exchange relation and may formpassageways of a gas heat exchanger like the gas heat exchanger 35 inthe embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4.

The lowest part 228a of the U-shaped conduit 228 is heat conductivelyconnected to the higher temperature evaporator section 220b. The up legof the U-shaped conduit 228, which includes a part 228b heatconductively connected to the conduit 231, is connected at its upper endat 86 to the low temperature evaporator section 220a.

Unevaporated refrigerant is conducted from the ends of the lowtemperature evaporator section 220a to the ends of the highertemperature evaporator section 220b by conduits 87 and 88. The upper endof conduit 87 is connected to one end 89 of the low temperatureevaporator section 220 and the lower end thereof is connected to theoppositely located end 90 of the higher temperature evaporator section220b. In a similar manner the upper end of conduit 88 is connected toone end 91 of the low temperature evaporator section 220a and the lowerend thereof is connected to the oppositely located end 92 of the highertemperature evaporator section 220b.

Conduits 87 and 88 are formed with traps 87a and 88a in which liquid cancollect to form liquid seals. Unevaporated refrigerant passes from thehigher tempera ture evaporator section 220b through a conduit 93 to thegas circuit for flow to the absorber (not shown). The conduit 93, whichhas a trap 93a in which liquid can collect to form a liquid seal, hasits upper end connected to the higher temperature evaporator section220b at 94 and its lower end connected to the gas circuit at 95.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6 the low and higher temperature evaporatorsections 220a and 220b are almost horizontal when the refrigerationapparatus is in its normal upright position. Even when the refrigerationapparatus is in its normal upright position the higher temperatureevaporator section 220b desirably slopes downward slightly from theregion 90 to the region 92, so that gravity flow of liquid refrigerantfrom right to left in FIG. 6 will be promoted.

As pointed out above liquid refrigerant is supplied from the condenserthrough U-shaped conduit 228 to the low temperature evaporator section2204 intermediate the ends thereof at 86. When the refrigerationapparatus is inclined from its normal operating position and both of thelow and higher temperature evaporator sections 220a and 2201; slopedownward from right to left in FIG. 6, liquid refrigerant will flowdownward through the left-hand part of the low temperature evaporatorsection 220a and evaporate and diffuse into weak inert gas flowingcountercurrent thereto. The inert gas becomes partially enriched inrefrigerant and flows from the right-hand end of the low temperatureevaporator section 220a through conduit 231 into the higher temperatureevaporator section 220b.

Unevaporated refrigerant passes from the low temperature evaporatorsection 220a into the upper end of conduit 87 at 89 and is dischargedfrom the lower end thereof into the higher temperature evaporatorsection 220b at 90 which may be referred to as a liquid inlet that is ata higher level than the liquid inlet 92 since the higher temperatureevaporator section slopes downward from right to left. The liquidrefrigerant introduced at the liquid inlet 90 into the highertemperature evaporator section flows in parallel with inert gas andevaporates and diffuses into the latter. As explained above, inert gasrich in refrigerant flows from the lefthand end of the highertemperature evaporator section 220b to the absorber through conduit 237.

When the refrigeration apparatus is inclined from its normal operatingposition and both of the low and higher evaporator sections 220a and220b slope downward from left to right in FIG. 6, liquid refrigerantwill flow downward through the right-hand part of the low temperatureevaporator section 220a and evaporate and diffuse into inert gas flowingin parallel therewith. The inert gas becomes partially enriched inrefrigerant and flows from the right-hand end of the low temperatureevaporator section through conduit 231 into the higher temperatureevaporator section 220b.

Unevaporated refrigerant passes from the low temperature evaporatorsection 2200 into the upper end of the conduit 88 at 91 and isdischarged from the lower end thereof into the higher temperatureevaporator section 220b at 92 which may be referred to as a liquid inletthat is at a higher level than the liquid inlet 90 since the highertemperature evaporator section slopes downward from left to right. Theliquid refrigerant introduced at the liquid inlet 92 into the highertemperature evaporator section 220b flows countercurrent to inert gasand evaporates and diffuses into the latter. The inert gas enriched inrefrigerant flows from the left-hand end of the higher temperatureevaporator section 220b to the absorber through the conduit 237.

Any unevaporated refrigerant in the higher temperature evaporatorsection 220b can flow therefrom to the conduit 237 through the conduit93 which desirably is inclined to such an extent that the flow ofrefrigerant will not be blocked therein at any inclination of therefrigeration apparatus that can be tolerated without adverselyaffecting the normal operation of the refrigeration apparatus.

Each half of the low temperature evaporator section 220a desirablyshould be capable of producing adequate refrigeration to satisfy theload requirements to which it is subjected. However, there always is asmall surplus of liquid refrigerant in each half of the low temperatureevaporator section when it becomes inactive and the other half becomesactive, and the evaporation and diffusion of such surplus refrigerantinto inert gas contributes to meet the load requirements on the lowtemperature evaporator section 220a.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6 which just has been described, the bestefiiciency is achieved when the branch point or fork 86 in the path offlow of refrigerant, the regions 89 and 91 and the liquid inlets 90 and92 are positioned substantially in the same vertical plane.

On boats, particularly boats of large size, it is desirable to positiona refrigerator provided with refrigeration apparatus embodying myinvention with the plane of the refrigeration apparatus in the fore-aftdirection of the boat. This is so for the reason that the rocking of aboat in the fore-aft direction never exceeds about and is less than therailings? the boat sideways. Under these conditions refrigerationapparatus embodying my invention will not malfunction and will continueto produce useful refrigeration when the refrigerator cabinet tiltsbackward from its rear side or forward from its front side through anangle from the vertical of as much as or tilts from the vertical to theleft or right through an angle of as much as 5.

I claim:

1. Absorption refrigeration apparatus having a. a gas circuit comprisingan evaporator including a part providing an elongated horizontallyextending passageway,

b. a source of refrigerant in liquid phase,

c. conduit means for conducting refrigerant in liquid phase from saidsource to the opposing ends of said part for flow through saidpassageway, and

d. said conduit means being so constructed and arranged that refrigerantin liquid phase will flow there-through from said source to whicheverend of said part that is at the higher level when the apparatus istilted.

2. Absorption refrigeration apparatus having a. a gas circuit comprisingan evaporator including a part providing an elongated passageway,

b. said part being substantially horizontal in the normal position ofthe apparatus,

c. a source of liquid refrigerant,

d. conduit means for conducting liquid refrigerant from said source tothe opposing ends of said part for flow through said passageway, and

e. said conduit means being so constructed and arranged that, when saidapparatus is inclined from its normal position, liquid refrigerant willflow therethrough from said source to whichever end of said part that isat the higher level.

3. Absorption refrigeration apparatus having a. a gas circuit comprisingan evaporator including a part providing an elongated passageway,

b. said part being substantially horizontal in the normal position ofthe apparatus,

0. a source of liquid refrigerant,

d. said part having inlets for liquid at opposing ends thereof,

e. conduit means for conducting liquid refrigerant from. said source tosaid liquid inlets for flow through said passageway, and

f. said conduit means being'so constructed and arranged that, when saidapparatus is inclined from its normal position, liquid refrigerant willflow therethrough from said source to whichever liquid inlet that is atthe higher level.

4. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 3 in whicha. said conduit means includes supply lines for respectively conductingliquid refrigerant to the liquid inlets of said part,

b. each of said supply lines having a region which 1. moves upward whenthe apparatus is inclined from its normal position in such a directionthat the liquid inlet associated therewith moves downward and 2. movesdownward when the apparatus is inclined from its normal position in sucha direction that the liquid inlet associated therewith moves upward.

5. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 4 in which avertical plane extending through said regions in said supply lines issubstantially parallel to a vertical plane passing through thelongitudinal axis of said evaporator part.

6. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 4 in whichthe extent of upward movement of said region in one of said supply linesis substantially the same as the extent of downward movement of saidregion in the other of said supply lines.

7. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 4 in whichsaid source of liquid refrigerant comprises a condenser which includesthe portions of said conduit means extending in the direction of liquidflow, said portions terminating at said regions of said supply lines.

8. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 4 in whicha. said conduit means for conducting liquid from said source includes amain conduit terminating at a fork in the path of liquid flow and saidsupply lines comprise branch conduits extending from said fork to theliquid inlets of said evaporator part,

b. each of said branch conduits having a bend and a pair of armsextending therefrom,

c. the bends in said branch conduits constituting said regions insaid-supply lines, and

d. one arm of each branch conduit extending from said fork to saidregion of said branch conduit and the other arm, which is longer,extending from said region to the liquid inlet of said evaporator partassociated with said branch conduit.

9. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 7 in whicha. gas in said circuit circulates through said evaporator from an inletto an outlet thereof, said evaporator part having one end thereof at theinlet and the opposing end removed therefrom,

b. one of said branch conduits being connected to the liquid inlet atthe end of said evaporator part at the inlet of said evaporator, and

c. the other branch conduit, when the apparatus is in its normalposition and upright, being so constructed and arranged that a zonethereof will be at a higher level than any zone of said one brancconduit.

10. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 7 in whicha. gas in said circuit circulates through said evaporator from an inletto an outlet thereof, said evaporator part having one end thereof at theinlet and the opposing end removed therefrom,

b. one of said branch conduits being connected to the liquid inlet atthe end of said evaporator part at the inlet of said evaporator, and

c. a connection conducting liquid refrigerant from said evaporator part,at a region thereof adjacent to the liquid inlet associated with onebranch conduit, to another region of said evaporator which is at a levelbelow the liquid inlet associated with the other branch conduit,

d. said connection having a trap for collecting liquid refrigerant toform a liquid seal.

l 1. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 9 whichincludes means in said evaporator part providing a darn between theliquid inlet to which said one branch conduit is connected and theregion said connection is connected to said evaporator part.

12. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 3 in whicha. said source of liquid refrigerant comprises a condenser and b. saidconduit means for conducting liquid from said condenser includes a mainconduit terminating at a fork in the path of liquid flow and said supplylines comprise branch conduits extending from said fork to the liquidinlets of said evaporator part, and c. said conduit means being soconstructed and arranged that portions of said branch conduits functionas the tail end of said condenser.

13. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 3 in whicha. said source of liquid refrigerant comprises a condenser and b. saidconduit means for conducting liquid from said condenser includes a mainconduit terminating at a fork in the path of liquid flow and said supplylines comprise branch conduits extending from said fork to the liquidinlets of said evaporator part, and c. said conduit means being soconstructed and arranged that portions of said branch conduits functionas sections of said evaporator.

14. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 3 in whicha. said evaporator comprises low and higher temperature sections,respectively, each of said evaporator sections being substantiallystraight and providing an elongated passageway,

b. said higher temperature evaporator section being disposed below saidlow temperature evaporator section,

0. both of said low and higher temperature evaporator sections beingsubstantially horizontal in the normal position of said apparatus,

d. a first conduit for conducting liquid refrigerant from said source tosaid low temperature evaporator section at a region intermediate itsends,

e. second conduits for conducting liquid refrigerant from the ends ofsaid low temperature evaporator section to the ends of said highertemperature evaporator section, each of said second conduits beingconnected to one end of said low temperature evaporator section and anoppositely located end of said higher temperature evaporator section,

f. said higher temperature evaporator section constituting said part ofsaid evaporator having inlets for liquid at opposing ends thereof and towhich said second conduits are connected, and

g. said conduit means for conducting liquid refrigerant from said sourceto said liquid inlets of said higher temperature evaporator sectioncomprising said first and second conduits and said low temperatureevaporator section.

15. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 13 in whichsaid second conduits are formed with traps in which liquid refrigerantcan collect to provide liquid seals therein.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CURRECTION Patent 3,760,602Dated September 25, 1973 Inv n r( Pete'r- Erik Blomberg It is certifiedthat error appears in the above-identified patent and that said LettersPatent are hereby corrected as shown below:

On the cover page, item 30] "833l L/7l" after Sweden" should read873'4/71 Column 6, line 35, uprignt" should read upright Column 9, line57, after "The" insert part Column 1.1 claim 9, line 2, the numeral "7"should I read 8 and I I claim 10, line 2, the numeral "7" should read 8Column 15, claim ll, line 2, the numeral 1'9" should read l0 Column l6,claim 15, line 2, the nwneral "13" should read 1L4.

Signed and sealed this 26th day of February l97) (SEAL) Attest: V EDWARDM.FLET0HER,JR. MARSHALL ,DANN

Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents useoMM-oc scan-Pee U.5.GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 2 l9! 0-356-334,

1. Absorption refrigeration apparatus having a. a gas circuit comprisingan evaporator including a part providing an elongated horizontallyextending passageway, b. a source of refrigerant in liquid phase, c.conduit means for conducting refrigerant in liquid phase from saidsource to the opposing ends of said part for flow through saidpassageway, and d. said conduit means being so constructed and arrangedthat refrigerant in liquid phase will flow there-through from saidsource to whichever end of said part that is at the higher level whenthe apparatus is tilted.
 2. Absorption refrigeration apparatus having a.a gas circuit comprising an evaporator including a part providing anelongated passageway, b. said part being substantially horizontal in thenormal position of the apparatus, c. a source of liquid refrigerant, d.conduit means for conducting liquid refrigerant from said source to theopposing ends of said part for flow through said passageway, and e. saidconduit means being so constructed and arranged that, when saidapparatus is inclined from its normal position, liquid refrigerant willflow therethrough from said source to whichever end of said part that isat the higher level.
 2. moves downward when the apparatus is inclinedfrom its normal position in such a direction that the liquid inletassociated therewith moves upward.
 3. Absorption refrigeration apparatushaving a. a gas circuit comprising an evaporator including a partproviding an elongated passageway, b. said part being substantiallyhorizontal in the normal position of the apparatus, c. a source ofliquid refrigerant, d. said part having inlets for liquid at opposingends thereof, e. conduit means for conducting liquid refrigerant fromsaid source to said liquid inlets for flow through said passageway, andf. said conduit means being so constructed and arranged that, when saidapparatus is inclined from its normal position, liquid refrigerant willflow therethrough from said source to whichever liquid inlet that is atthe higher level.
 4. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth inclaim 3 in which a. said conduit means includes supply lines forrespectively conducting liquid refrigerant to the liquid inlets of saidpart, b. each of said supply lines having a region which
 5. Absorptionrefrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 4 in which a verticalplane extending through said regions in said supply lines issubstantially parallel to a vertical plane passing through thelongitudinal axis of said evaporator part.
 6. Absorption refrigerationapparatus as set forth in claim 4 in which the extent of upward movementof said region in one of said supply lines is substantially the same asthe extent of downward movement of said region in the other of saidsupply lines.
 7. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth inclaim 4 in which said source of liquid refrigerant comprises a condenserwhich includes the portions of said conduit means extending in thedirection of liquid flow, said portions terminating at said regions ofsaid supply lines.
 8. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth inclaim 4 in which a. said conduit means for conducting liquid from saidsource includes a main conduit terminating at a fork in the path ofliquid flow and said supply lines comprise branch conduits extendingfrom said fork to the liquid inlets of said evaporator part, b. each ofsaid branch conduits having a bend anD a pair of arms extendingtherefrom, c. the bends in said branch conduits constituting saidregions in said supply lines, and d. one arm of each branch conduitextending from said fork to said region of said branch conduit and theother arm, which is longer, extending from said region to the liquidinlet of said evaporator part associated with said branch conduit. 9.Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 7 in which a.gas in said circuit circulates through said evapo-rator from an inlet toan outlet thereof, said evaporator part having one end thereof at theinlet and the opposing end removed therefrom, b. one of said branchconduits being connected to the liquid inlet at the end of saidevaporator part at the inlet of said evaporator, and c. the other branchconduit, when the apparatus is in its normal position and upright, beingso constructed and arranged that a zone thereof will be at a higherlevel than any zone of said one branch conduit.
 10. Absorptionrefrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 7 in which a. gas in saidcircuit circulates through said evaporator from an inlet to an outletthereof, said evaporator part having one end thereof at the inlet andthe opposing end removed therefrom, b. one of said branch conduits beingconnected to the liquid inlet at the end of said evaporator part at theinlet of said evaporator, and c. a connection conducting liquidrefrigerant from said evaporator part, at a region thereof adjacent tothe liquid inlet associated with one branch conduit, to another regionof said evaporator which is at a level below the liquid inlet associatedwith the other branch conduit, d. said connection having a trap forcollecting liquid refrigerant to form a liquid seal.
 11. Absorptionrefrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 9 which includes means insaid evaporator part providing a dam between the liquid inlet to whichsaid one branch conduit is connected and the region said connection isconnected to said evaporator part.
 12. Absorption refrigerationapparatus as set forth in claim 3 in which a. said source of liquidrefrigerant comprises a condenser and b. said conduit means forconducting liquid from said condenser includes a main conduitterminating at a fork in the path of liquid flow and said supply linescomprise branch conduits extending from said fork to the liquid inletsof said evaporator part, and c. said conduit means being so constructedand arranged that portions of said branch conduits function as the tailend of said condenser.
 13. Absorption refrigeration apparatus as setforth in claim 3 in which a. said source of liquid refrigerant comprisesa condenser and b. said conduit means for conducting liquid from saidcondenser includes a main conduit terminating at a fork in the path ofliquid flow and said supply lines comprise branch conduits extendingfrom said fork to the liquid inlets of said evaporator part, and c. saidconduit means being so constructed and arranged that portions of saidbranch conduits function as sections of said evaporator.
 14. Absorptionrefrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 3 in which a. saidevaporator comprises low and higher temperature sections, respectively,each of said evaporator sections being substantially straight andproviding an elongated passageway, b. said higher temperature evaporatorsection being disposed below said low temperature evaporator section, c.both of said low and higher temperature evaporator sections beingsubstantially horizontal in the normal position of said apparatus, d. afirst conduit for conducting liquid refrigerant from said source to saidlow temperature evaporator section at a region intermediate its ends, e.second conduits for conducting liquid refrigerant from the ends of saidlow temperature evaporator section to the ends of said highertemperature evaporator section, each of said second conduits beingconnecTed to one end of said low temperature evaporator section and anoppositely located end of said higher temperature evaporator section, f.said higher temperature evaporator section constituting said part ofsaid evaporator having inlets for liquid at opposing ends thereof and towhich said second conduits are connected, and g. said conduit means forconducting liquid refrigerant from said source to said liquid inlets ofsaid higher temperature evaporator section comprising said first andsecond conduits and said low temperature evaporator section. 15.Absorption refrigeration apparatus as set forth in claim 13 in whichsaid second conduits are formed with traps in which liquid refrigerantcan collect to provide liquid seals therein.